تحلیل سقوط سنگ و ارزیابی خطر آن به روش تکاملی در دامنه‌های سنگی (مطالعه موردی: روستای اسفیدان، جنوب شرقی شهرستان بجنورد، خراسان شمالی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گنبدکاوس، گلستان

2 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نوشهر، مازندران

3 استادیار گروه زمین شناسی، دانشگاه لرستان

4 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی عمران، موسسه غیر انتفاعی پویندگان دانش چالوس، مازندران

چکیده

روستای اسفیدان یکی از مناطق تاریخی و توریستی در ۴۵ کیلومتری جنوب شرقی بجنورد در خراسان شمالی است که در یک ناحیه کوهستانی واقع شده است. از آن جایی که سقوط سنگ در این منطقه میتواند منجر به بسته شدن جاده ارتباطی روستا و همچنین آسیب به بخشی از منازل روستایی گردد، در این مقاله رخداد احتمالی سقوط سنگ مورد تحلیل نرم‌افزاری قرار گرفته و همچنین خطر سقوط سنگ در آن ارزیابی شده است. مطالعات میدانی نشان داد که سقوط سنگ در این ناحیه بیشتر ناشی از تکتونیک واحدهای سنگی، وجود ناپیوستگی، بارش های فصلی و یا ترکیبی از این عوامل می باشد. مطالعات درزه نگاری نشان داد که ناپیوستگی های اصلی در این دامنه شامل سه دسته درزه به همراه دو لایه بندی عمده میباشند. همچنین نمونه برداری از لایه های سنگی و انجام آزمایش های مختلف فیزیکو-مکانیکی نشان داد که لایه های سنگی عمدتاً از جنس آهک با مقاومت بالا می باشند. تحلیل نرم افزاری سقوط سنگ در این دامنه بر روی دو مقطع انتخابی توسط نرم‌افزار Rock fall صورت گرفت. در ادامه با تلفیق داده‌های به دست آمده از تحلیل نرم افزاری سقوط سنگ و همچنین داده های میدانی جمع آوری شده از وضعیت فعالیت دامنه، با استفاده از روش تکاملی به ارزیابی پتانسیل سقوط سنگ در دو مقطع انتخابی پرداخته شد. نتایج نشان داد که دامنه از نظر خطر سقوط سنگ در رده خطر متوسط تا بالا قرار دارد و نیاز به اجرای روش‌های حفاظتی برای جلوگیری از آسیب به جاده و منازل مسکونی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of rock fall and its risk assessment by evolutionary method in rock slopes (Case study: Esfidan village, southeast of Bojnourd city, North Khorasan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasool Yazarloo 1
  • Taher Zargar Harijani 2
  • Amin Jamshidi 3
  • Reza Mahdavi Izadi 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Gonbad Kavous Branch, Golestan
2 MSc of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Nowshahr Branch, Mazandaran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geology, Lorestan University
4 MSc of Civil Engineering, Institute of Poyandegan Danesh Chalous , Mazandaran
چکیده [English]

Esfidan village is one of the historical and tourist areas in 45 km southeast of Bojnourd in North Khorasan, which is located in a mountainous area. The rock falls in this area can lead to the closure of the village communication road and also damage to part of the village houses. In this paper, the possible occurrence of rock fall is analyzed by software and also the risk of rock fall in it is evaluated. Field investigations have shown that rock falls in this area are mostly due to the tectonics of rock units, the presence of discontinuities, seasonal precipitation or a combination of these factors. Jointing studies have shown that the main discontinuities in the rock slope consist of three sets of joints with two major layers. Also, sampling of rock layers and performing various physico-mechanical tests indicated that the rock layers are mainly made of high-strength limestone. Software analysis of rock fall in this slope was performed on two selected sections by Rock fall software. Then, by combining the data obtained from the software analysis of rock fall and also the field data collected from the status of the slope activity, using evolutionary method, the potential of rock fall in two selected sections was evaluated. The results showed that the slope is in the middle to high risk category in terms of the risk of rock fall and needs to implement protective measures to prevent damage to roads and residential houses.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rock fall
  • Geomechanical Properties
  • Risk Assessment
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