Application of the variation of cation concentration in water leakage on the early warning of slope failure

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Azad University, Science and Research, Tehran Iran

2 Assoc. Prof. Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Natural disasters such as landslides cause a significant loss of properties, facilities, and lives. The recent researches and the consequent development in the approaches to such disasters have proven that prediction of the time of failures might become possible. The more sophisticated techniques in time prediction of the landslides became the effective measures in the disaster management strategies.
There are several variable ions in the chemical composition of soils resulted from the weathering of geological units. The groundwater flow in the direction of hydraulic gradient throughout the soil may wash these ions further down within the soil. This process will reach to equilibrium between the chemical composition of the inflow water and soil ion exchange capacity, and thus, the concentration of onions and cations of the outflow water will remain constant. When the soil of sliding surface suffers a rupture, the textural uniformity and thus, the concentration of the ions will experience a meaningful fluctuation.  Monitoring such remarkable change may become a valid factor in the development of early warning systems over the landslide prone slopes. In this research a physical model is designed and applied to put this hypothesis into a real test. Through the test period, the cation concentrations of Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, and Calcium were carefully monitored against the process of slope movement. The results show that by recognizing and monitoring the concentration of the cations specific to the local soil composition to detect the cation variations in the outflow water from the slope might be the new economic approach to the prediction of the landslide timing.

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References

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Scientific Quarterly Journal of Iranian Association of Engineering Geology
Volume 3, Number 3 & 4
March 2010
Pages 13-22

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History

  • Receive Date: 28 September 2011
  • Revise Date: 19 January 2012
  • Accept Date: 25 January 2012

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